Sunday, 23 October 2016

Ontology và Cơ sở tri thức

ABSTRACT
Gần đây, thuật ngữ “ontology” đã được sử dụng khá phổ biến trong cộng đồng công nghệ tri thức. Tuy nhiên, ý nghĩa của nó vẫn còn một chút mơ hồ giống như một thuật ngữ được sử dụng trong nhiều cách khác nhau. Limiting our attention to the various proposals made in the current debate in AI, we isolate a number of interpretations, which in our opinion deserve a suitable clarification. We elucidate the implications of such various interpretations, arguing for the need of clear terminological choices regarding the technical use of terms like “ontology”, “conceptualization” and “ontological commitment”. After some comments on the use “Ontology” (with the capital “o”) as a term which denotes a philosophical discipline, we analyse the possible confusion between an ontology intended as a particular conceptual framework at the knowledge level and an ontology intended as a concrete artifact at the symbol level, to be used for a given purpose. A crucial point in this clarification effort is the careful analysis of Gruber’ s definition of an ontology as a specification of a conceptualization.

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